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Natural Sciences

Department Chairperson:  Tara Giblin, Ph.D.

Natural Sciences Faculty:
Lois Bichler, Ph.D.
Tara Giblin, Ph.D.
Jeffrey Phillips, Ph.D.

• B.A. Major Biology
• B.S. Major Biology
• 3:2 Masters in Physician Assistant Studies-Chatham College (PA)
• 3:2 Master in Occupational Therapy-Washington University (MO)
• Doctoral program in Physical Therapy-Chatham College (PA)
• Forensic Science Minor
• Natural Science Minor
• Chemistry Minor
• Biology Course Descriptions
• Chemistry course Descriptions
• Natural Sciences Course Descriptions
• Physics Course Descriptions

 

The program in the natural sciences is designed to bring together students with diverse backgrounds and provide them with a solid foundation and the skills essential for successful professional careers in the health and related sciences. This program is built upon a cross-discipline approach involving explorations and experimentation in biology, chemistry, mathematics and physics. It provides excellent preparation for women pursuing postgraduate training for medical and dental schools, veterinary schools, occupational and physical therapy programs, and graduate school.

The curriculum is designed to introduce students to various disciplines within the sciences by focusing on principles, methods of experimentation, and critical-thinking skills. Our curriculum engages students in collaborative and investigative activities with faculty to develop research and critical-thinking skills, and to learn principles and theories within scientific disciplines concurrently, by working on complex real-world problems. We foster higher-order thinking skills, leadership skills and intellectual maturity. Starting with their first year in the program, students are engaged in conducting their own research projects, interpreting data and presenting their results. All students learn the most advanced computer techniques for presenting scientific information and the results of their research.

The culmination of the natural science experience is the completion of an internship and senior project in the student's field of interest. Internships provide students with firsthand experience in a wide variety of areas including human and veterinary medicine, research in medicine, chemistry, behavior, commercial laboratory experiences, and government policy. Our internship program grants students a competitive advantage over others in their postgraduate careers. For many, these internships have created important postgraduate opportunities for jobs, graduate schools and professional schools. Internships are generally available locally at medical and veterinary hospitals and clinics, physical and occupational therapists, and midwives. Some students prefer to do internships in the summer close to home or at other nationally recognized institutions providing grants and funding for student research. The senior project is a synthesis of the student's four years at Stephens. Students are provided a problem in their field of interest, and they must provide an in-depth research paper to solve the problem and present their findings to their peers.

Academic partnerships include a three-year/two-year program with Washington University in St. Louis, MO in Occupational Therapy (OT) where a student earns a Bachelor of Arts degree from Stephens College and a Master's degree in Occupational Therapy from Washington University.

Two academic articulation agreements currently exist with Chatham College, PA. One is a three-year/two-year program in Physician Assistant Studies. The other is a Doctor of Physical Therapy Program in which a Stephens College student must graduate from Stephens College prior to entry.

Students are actively involved in collaborative research with faculty in the Department of Natural Sciences. The faculty maintains academic excellence by publishing papers (often with student co-authors), writing research grant proposals, attending professional meetings and soliciting seminars from outside professionals and colleagues. Well-equipped facilities for research exist in chemistry, microbiology, and molecular biology. Additional research facilities include the Johnson Plant Science Laboratory/Greenhouse for botanical research and the Reis Biological Station in the Missouri Ozark Mountains for behavioral, ecological and environmental research.

Stephens College offers a Bachelor of Arts in Biology, and a Bachelor of Science in Biology.

Requirements for the B.S. Major in Biology

The bachelor of science major in biology requires completion of liberal arts requirements and 36 semester hours of required courses, plus 28-31 semester hours of electives in the natural sciences (BIO, CHM, NSC, PHY), including 18 at or above the 300 level. A grade of C- or better must be earned in required natural science courses (BIO, CHM, NSC, PHY) to graduate. All pre-professional studies (pre-med, pre-vet, pre-dental, etc.) are strongly advised to complete the chemistry sequence through organic chemistry (CHM432) even though it is not a requirement of the major.  A student wishing to earn a B.S. degree in Biology and proceed to Chathams Doctoral Program in Physical Therapy, must include CHS114, BIO343 and BIO349.

Required Courses

BIO 153: Research Methods in Biology (3 hrs.)
BIO 181: Investigations in Biological Concepts I (4 hrs.)

BIO 182: Investigations in Biological Concepts II (4 hrs.)
BIO 496: Research/Clinical Internship (3 hrs.)
BIO 497: Senior Project (3 hrs.)
CHM 111: General College Chemistry I (4 hrs.)

CHM 112: General College Chemistry II (4 hrs.)
MAT 207: Statistics (3 hrs.) or

MAT 211: Calculus and Analytical Geometry I (3 hrs.)
PHY 211: College Physics I (4 hrs.)

PHY 212: College Physics II (4 hrs.)

10 hours from the following cluster:
BIO 231: Botany (4 hrs.)
BIO 283: Invertebrate Zoology (4 hrs.)
BIO 284: Vertebrate Zoology (4 hrs.)
BIO 290: Genetics (4 hrs.)
BIO 292: Cell Biology (3 hrs.)
NSC 211: Earth and Environmental Science (3 hrs.)

18 hours from the following cluster:
BIO 311: Microbiology (5 hrs.)
BIO 315: Immunology (3 hrs.)
BIO 343: Human Anatomy (5 hrs.)
BIO 349: Human Physiology (4 hrs.)
BIO 370: Evolutionary Biology (4 hrs.)
BIO 377: Molecular Biology Techniques (2 hrs.)
BIO 382: Ecology (4 hrs.)
BIO 410: Biochemistry (3 hrs.)

NSC 333: Practicum (with lab) (1-3 hrs.)

Requirements for the B.A. Major in Biology

The bachelor of arts major in biology requires completion of liberal arts requirements and a minimum of 51 semester hours in the major.   A grade of C- or better must be earned in all required natural science courses (BIO,CHM,NSC,PHY) to graduate.  

 

This major, Bachelor of Arts in Biology,   may be modified to meet all the requirements for our agreements with Washington University Occupational Therapy program, and for the Physicians Assistant Studies Program at Chatham College by following the course outline below.

Required Courses (32 semester hours)

BIO153: Research Methods (3 )

BIO181: Investigations in Biological Concepts I (4)

BIO182: Investigations in Biological Concepts II (4)

BIO496: Research/Clinical Internship (3)

BIO497: Senior Project (3)

CHM111: Gen College Chemistry I (4)                            

CHM112: Gen College Chemistry II (4)

MAT207: Statistics (3)

PHY211: Physics I (4)

and

BA four year Biology degree (Stephens College only) (17-19 semester hrs.)

Six to eight hours from the 200 level category               (6-8)

Eleven hours from the 300 level category.                   (11)

 

or

3:2 Masters in Physician Assistant Studies (Chatham College, PA) (27 semester hrs.)

BIO290:Genetics (3)

BIO311:Microbiology (5)

BIO343:Human Anatomy (5)

BIO349:Human Physiology (4)

CHM341: Organic Chemistry I (4)

CHS114:The Child: Life Span/Cross-Cultural Perspective (3)   

PSY111:Introduction to Psychology (3)               

or

3:2 Master in Occupational Therapy (Washington University, MO) (18 semester hrs.)

BIO343:Human Anatomy (5)

BIO349:Human Physiology (4)

CHS114: The Child: Life Span/Cross-Cultural Perspective (3)

PSY111: Introduction to Psychology (3)

PSY320: Abnormal Psychology (3)

and

Must be able to show competency in the following:

CIS206:Computer Information Systems

BIO195: Medical Terminology

 

or

Doctoral program in Physical Therapy (Chatham College, PA)

To be eligible to enter this program your degree program must include:

CHS114: The Child: Life Span/Cross-Cultural Perspective (3)

BIO343: Human Anatomy (5)

BIO349: Human Physiology (4)

 

Requirement for Forensic Science Minor

The Forensic Science minor combines biology and psychology courses related to forensics and criminal investigations.  Students will complete the 15 hour minor by taking the required PSY 111 and taking at least 6 hours in the biology area and 6 hours above the 300 level from either the biology or psychology areas. 

Required Course:

PSY 111:  Introduction to Psychology (3 hrs.)

Psychology area courses

FOR/PSY 317:  Psychology of personality (3 hrs)

PSY 330:  Introduction to Forensic Psychology (3 hrs)

FOR/PSY 355:  Psychology of Assessment (3 hrs)

FOR/PSY 380:  Topics in Forensic Psychology (3 hrs)

Biology area courses:

BIO 200:  Crime Scene Analysis (3 hrs)

FOR/BIO 280:  Topics in Forensic Biology (3 hrs)

FOR/BIO 302:  Forensic Microscopy (3 hrs)

FOR/BIO 300:  Forensic Biology (3 hrs)

Requirements for Natural Sciences Minors

A natural sciences minor requires completion of BIO 181 and at least 12 additional hours in the Natural Sciences (BIO, CHM, or PHY) with 6 hours at or above the 300 level.

Requirements for Chemistry Minors

A chemistry minor, for a biology major, requires the completion of CHM 341–CHM342 and at least two of the following electives: CHM 345, CHM 410/BIO 410, and CHM 496. This is in addition to the chemistry courses required within the biology major. For non-biology majors wishing to earn a chemistry minor, the minor requires completion of CHM111–112, CHM 341–342, plus one of the following electives: CHM 345 or CHM 410/BIO 410. A chemistry minor is strongly recommended for all students considering graduate school or professional programs.

Natural Sciences Courses
NSC 115: How Things Work: Physical Science for Elementary Teachers
(3 hrs.)
(Open to all students; Liberal Arts approved Natural Science)
This course is a comprehensive, hands-on laboratory science course.  Includes experiments in life science, physical science, earth science as well as basic content in these three areas.

NSC 125: Science of Beauty
(3 hrs.)
(Open to all students; Liberal Arts approved Natural Science)
Liberal arts class for non-science majors. An introduction to the human body from the cell to whole organ systems.  The course emphasizes the use of the scientific method, examines the perception of beauty and questions whether there is a scientific basis for beauty. The biological and chemical basis behid cosmetics and cosmetic surgical procedures are explored. Does not count in the major.

NSC 211: Earth and Environmental Science
(3 hrs.)
(Open to all students; lab fee charged)
An overview of scientific principles relating to the study of the environment. Provides a basic understanding of the process of science, the physical and chemical properties of the earth and its various environments, and the ecological principles associated with understanding the way organisms, including humans, interact and impact the environment. Includes scholarship by and about women and ethnic minorities. Writing intensive.

NSC 280: Topics in Natural Science
(3 hrs.)
Topics courses are devoted to special subjects that may not be covered in depth in other courses.

NSC 333: Practicum (with lab)
(1-3 hrs.)
(May be repeated for credit)
(Prerequisites: BIO 182 and permission of instructor; junior and senior standing preferred)
Practical work experiences related directly to courses and/or program operations in the natural sciences, supervised by an instructor of the student's choice.

NSC 365: Women, Science and Society
(3 hrs.)
(Prerequisite: junior or senior standing or permission of instructor; cross-listed as WST 365)
This course will broaden the student's understanding of the far-reaching impact that feminist analysis has had on all fields of knowledge, including the field of science. Students will learn that contemporary women in science are changing the way people think about science and practice it. Students in the course will benefit from exposure to cross-cultural analysis of science and some of the ways people from various cultures understand the human relationship to the world.

NSC 380: Advanced Topics in Natural Science
(3 hrs.)
Topics courses are devoted to special subjects that may not be covered in depth in other courses.

Biology Courses
BIO 111: Biological Concepts (with lab)
(3 hrs.)
(Open to all students)
An introduction to the science of biology. The following biological topics may be addressed: biology as a science, the scientific method, basic biochemistry, organ systems, ecology and human biology. Laboratory exercises are designed to illustrate and clarify concepts presented in lecture. Includes scholarship by and about women and ethnic minorities. Does not count in the major.

BIO 121: The Art and Science of Growing Plants
(3 hrs.)
(Open to all students. Liberal Arts approved Natural Science. Lab fee charged.)
A lab oriented study of factors affecting plant growth and care. Equal time will be given to indoor and outdoor plants and the latter will include flower and vegetable gardens and landscape design. Topics covered include light requirements, pest control, organic gardening and the use of native plants. Does not count in the major.

BIO 128: Women's Health
(3 hrs.)
(Open to all students. Liberal Arts approved Natural Science. Lab fee charged.)
This course is designed to provide an introduction to women's health concerns and some of the barriers that exist to achieving complete health.  We will explore the biology of common health issues affecting women.  We will examine these issues from medical, economic and sociopolitical perspectives.  Readings, film, assignments and speakers will be selected to incorporate issues of age, disability status, sexual orientation, race/ethnicity, and social class into our discussions. Does not count in the major.

BIO 153: Research Methods in Biology
(3 hrs.)
This course will introduce important research and writing skills for biological science majors. Content includes methods for searching and evaluating primary research literature, writing science specific materials and analyzing graphical data. In addition, students will be introduced to effective experimental design, statistical analysis, and oral presentation techniques. Use of a computer is required. This course is writing intensive.

BIO 181: Investigations in Biological Concepts I (with lab)
(4 hrs.)
(Lab fee charged)
This course integrates the ideas and disciplines of biochemistry, cell biology and genetics. Important topics include basic biochemistry, cell structure, metabolic activity, molecular genetics and Mendelian inheritance. Considerable emphasis is placed on the process of scientific investigation. The laboratory emphasizes proper lab technique, the process of science and investigation into cellular and genetic processes. Includes scholarship by and about women and ethnic minorities. Writing intensive. Offered Fall only.

BIO 182: Investigations in Biological Concepts II (with lab)
(4 hrs.)
(Prerequisite: BIO 111, BIO 181 or permission of instructor; lab fee charged)
A continuation of BIO 181. This course emphasizes the philosophy of science, evolution, diversity, systematics and ecology. The course emphasizes the mechanisms of evolution, evolutionary history, surveys of organismal diversity and adaptation, ecology, and the relationship between ecology and evolution. Students prepare one major diversity and adaptation presentation and perform one major ecological experiment. Offered Spring only.

BIO 200: Introduction to Crime Scene Analysis
(3 hrs.)
(Prerequisite: Open to all students with 2 years of high school science)
The course will introduce a number of specialized fields in forensic science.  Through the analysis of hair, fluid samples, DNA evidence, drugs and alcohol, we will learn basic principles of biology and chemistry and how they can be applied to solve crimes. Does not count in major.  Offered annually.

BIO 231: Botany (with lab)
(4 hrs.)
(Prerequisite: BIO 182 or permission of instructor; lab fee charged)
Botany will emphasize the evolution, ecology, anatomy, physiology and taxonomy of extant and extinct plants. The laboratory emphasizes plant anatomy, systematics and evolutionary history. There is a field component to the lab and field collections are required. Herbarium specimens, local plants and greenhouse material will be used to study plant taxonomy. Writing intensive. Offered periodically.

BIO 280: Topics in Biology
(3 hrs.)
Topics courses are devoted to special subjects that may not be covered in depth in other courses.

BIO 283: Invertebrate Zoology (with lab)
(4 hrs.)
(Prerequisite: BIO 182 or permission of instructor; lab fee charged)
An introduction to the systematic study of the invertebrates. Using a taxonomic approach, this course will emphasize the structures, physiology, life history and evolution of invertebrates. The lab portion of this course will present students with living and preserved examples of animals for each phyla and will emphasize characteristics that distinguish various groups. Offered periodically.

BIO 284: Vertebrate Zoology (with lab)
(4 hrs.)
(Prerequisite: BIO 182 or permission of instructor; lab fee charged)
A survey of the anatomy, physiology, zoogeography, evolution and ecology of vertebrate animals. In a mixed laboratory, discussion, and presentation format, students will investigate the major evolutionary changes that have occurred in fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. Offered periodically.

BIO 290: Genetics (with lab)
(4 hrs.)
(Prerequisite: BIO 182 or permission of instructor; lab fee charged)
An examination of the transmission, structure and function of genetic material in plants and animals. Course content progresses from classical Mendelian genetics, including the chromosome theory of inheritance, structure and replication, organization and regulation of genetic information of bacterial, eukaryotic and viral genes, to current topics and techniques in molecular biology. Writing intensive. Offered Fall only.

BIO 292: Cell Biology
(3 hrs.)
(Prerequisite: BIO 182 or permission of instructor)
A study of the cell as the unit of structure and function of living things. The molecular, metabolic and ultrastructural systems emphasized together with bioenergetics, communication, heredity and gene expression. Offered biannually.

BIO 302: Forensic Microscopy
(3 hrs.)
(Prerequisite: BIO 181 or BIO 182, or BIO 200; cross-listed as FOR 302.   Lab fee charged.)
This course is designed to use various microscopic techniques to examine trace evidence.  The focus will be on how to use a microscope for forensic science and the examination oo9f various mounting and staining techniques of trace evidence.  The trace evidence examined will include human and animal hairs, various fibers and plastic fusion, glass, paint, soil, explosives, minerals, dust, drugs and arson.  In addition, students will learn the criteria for including or excluding trace evidence, and the preparation of evidence.  This class is lab intensive and will use case studies using various techniques.

BIO 311: Microbiology (with lab)
(5 hrs.)
(Prerequisites: BIO 182, BIO 292, or permission of instructor; lab fee charged)
The study of the morphology, physiology, genetics and ecology of important microorganisms of human health and disease, and of environmental concern. Emphasis on bacteria and viruses. Writing intensive. Offered biannually.

BIO 315: Immunology
(3 hrs.)
(Prerequisite: BIO 311 or permission of instructor)
An advanced introductory course in a rapidly advancing field, using experimental design as a tool to elucidate immunological principles. Includes (1) an introduction to the cells and tissues of the immune system; (2) the molecular mechanisms used by the immune system to recognize antigens and the process of activation of the immune system that results from antigen recognition; (3) a description of the means by which the stimulated immune system eliminates foreign molecules, cells and organisms; and (4) an examination of clinical problems that are primarily immunologic. Writing intensive. Offered periodically.

BIO 343: Human Anatomy (with lab)
(5 hrs.)
(Prerequisite: BIO 182 or permission of instructor; lab fee charged)
An advanced course in anatomy. Examines the organization of the human body, human embryology, gross and microscopic anatomy of tissues and organ systems and pathology, diseases and developmental abnormalities of the human body. Instruction includes the use of prepared slides, actual mammalian dissections and computer-based human dissection. Offered biannually.

BIO 349: Human Physiology (with lab)
(4 hrs.)
(Prerequisite: BIO 182 or permission of instructor; lab fee charged)
An advanced course in human physiology. Examines the function of the human body, including basic cellular processes, regulation and homeostasis of the body, control of body movement, cardiovascular and respiratory physiology, metabolism, reproduction, development, aging and pathology. Instruction will include laboratory experiments and computer-based simulations. Offered biannually.

BIO 370: Evolutionary Biology (with lab)
(3 hrs.)
(Prerequisite: BIO 290 or BIO 182 with permission of instructor.)
Evolutionary biology will emphasize the following topics: the synthesis of evolutionary theory and genetics, population genetics, molecular evolution, mechanisms of evolution, speciation, phylogeny reconstruction and evolutionary history. The laboratory will involve computer simulations, phylogeny reconstruction, readings and a selection experiment. Writing intensive. Offered periodically.

BIO 377: Molecular Biology Techniques
(2 hrs.)
(Prerequisite: BIO 292 or permission of instructor)
This course will focus on examination of current molecular biology research techniques. The class will be laboratory based and writing intensive. Special emphasis will be placed on methodology and application of specific molecular techniques and essays commonly used in research and clinical environments. Additionally, this course will serve to develop critical analysis skills of current research and provide opportunity to expand in scientific writing, presentation and discussion. Writing intensive. Offered biannually.

BIO 380 Topics in Biology
(3 hrs.)
Topics courses are devoted to special subjects that may not be covered in depth in other courses.

BIO 382: Ecology (with lab)
(4 hrs.)
(Prerequisite: BIO 182 or permission of instructor; lab fee charged)
Study of interactions between organisms and their physical, chemical and biological environment. Students analyze the regulatory and evolutionary factors that affect organisms at the population, community and ecosystem level. The laboratory component emphasizes an experimental approach to understanding ecological interactions and develops skills useful for ecological or environmental research. Writing intensive. Offered periodically.

BIO 410: Biochemistry
(3 hrs.)
(Prerequisite: BIO 182, CHM 341; crosslisted as CHM 410)
This course blends complex biological and chemical concepts. Advanced problem-solving skills are used to investigate amino acids/proteins, enzymes, protein purification, nucleic acids, flow of genetic information, analysis and cloning of genes, membranes, carbohydrates, and metabolic pathways. Offered periodically.

BIO 496: Research/Clinical Internship
(3 hrs.)
(Prerequisite: permission of instructor)
Provides opportunities for select junior and senior science majors to participate in a research program in biology under the supervision of a full-time professional scientific investigator in industry or shadow professionals in the student's chosen occupational field. Interns become familiar with all aspects of the research project, including the design, carrying out the research plan and analyzing and reporting the research results. Interns have opportunities to present papers at the Missouri Academy of Science and the Tri-Beta Biological Society meetings. Graded on Pass/Fail basis.

BIO 497: Senior Project
(3 hrs.)
(Prerequisite: senior standing or permission of instructor)
This course assesses the ability of graduating students to assimilate diverse biological information into a meaningful synthesis. Course projects will be tailored to the interests and training of the student. Students work independently during the semester to develop written and oral syntheses of scientific literature to be presented in an open seminar at the end of the semester. Writing intensive.

Chemistry Courses
CHM 111: General College Chemistry I (with lab)
(4 hrs.)
(Prerequisite: two years of high school algebra or concurrent enrollment in MAT 111: College Algebra; approved eye protection required; lab fee charged)
First semester of the sequence covering the fundamental principles of chemistry. Topics include matter, chemical compounds and reactions, stoichiometry, thermodynamics, atomic structure, bonding and molecular geometry. Also emphasized are the accomplishments and contributions of women within the chemical sciences. The laboratory introduces students to basic skills and techniques.

CHM 112: General College Chemistry II (with lab)
(4 hrs.)
(Prerequisite: CHM 111; approved eye protection required; lab fee charged)
Second semester of the sequence covering the fundamental principles of chemistry. Topics include chemical kinetics and equilibrium, properties of gases, liquids, solids and solutions, acid-base chemistry, electrochemistry and nuclear chemistry.

CHM 280: Topics in Chemistry
(3 hrs.)
Topics courses are devoted to special subjects that may not be covered in depth in other courses.

CHM 341: Organic Chemistry I (with lab)
(4 hrs.)
(Prerequisite: CHM 112; approved eye protection required; lab fee charged)
First semester of the sequence covering the chemistry of carbon-containing compounds. Topics include orbitals and bonding, the nomenclature and physical properties of functional groups, conformations and stereochemistry, substitution and elimination reactions at sp3-hybridized carbon, additional reactions to carbon-carbon multiple bonds and spectroscopy. The laboratory introduces basic skills and techniques.

CHM 342: Organic Chemistry II (with lab)
(4 hrs.)
(Prerequisite: CHM 341; approved eye protection required; lab fee charged)
Second semester of the sequence covering the chemistry of carbon-containing compounds. Topics include spectroscopy, addition and substitution reactions at the carbonyl group, enolates, aromatic compounds, radicals and pericyclic reactions. Studies in biochemical compounds such as amino acids, peptides and proteins may be included. Laboratory will focus on the investigations of important organic reactions.

CHM 345: Quantitative Instrumental Analysis
(4 hrs.)
(Prerequisite: CHM112)
This quantitative analysis courses the principles of instrumental analysis. Instruments such as gas chromatograph (GC), ultraviolet/visible spectrometer (UV/Vis) fourier transfom spectrometer (FTIR) and high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) will be utilized. The complimentary laboratory experience allows hands-on experience conducting quantitative analysis. Students will learn calibration techniques and method development. The laboratory will also include an individualized research component. Offered periodically.

CHM 380: Advanced Topics in Chemistry
(3 hrs.)
Topics courses are devoted to special subjects that may not be covered in depth in other courses.

CHM 410: Biochemistry
(3 hrs.)
(Prerequisites: BIO 182, CHM 341. Cross- listed as BIO 410)
This course blends complex biological and chemical concepts. Advanced problem-solving skills are used to investigate amino acids/proteins, enzymes, protein purification, nucleic acids, flow of genetic information, analysis and cloning of genes, membranes, carbohydrates and metabolic pathways. Offered periodically.

CHM 496: Research Internship
(3 hrs.)
(Prerequisite: permission of instructor)
Select junior and senior science majors are able to participate in a research project in chemistry under the supervision of a professional scientific investigator. Interns become familiar with all aspects of the research process, including project design, planning, experimentation, analysis and presentation. Opportunities to present data and results at meetings of professional societies, such as the American Chemical Society, are available.

Physics Courses
PHY 211: College Physics I (with lab)
(4 hrs.)
(Prerequisite: MAT 111 or MAT 211 or the equivalent, or permission of instructor; lab fee charged)
Topics include statics, kinematics, dynamics, oscillations, work, energy, gravitation, thermodynamics and sound. Includes scholarship by and about women and ethnic minorities.

PHY 212: College Physics II (with lab)
(4 hrs.)
(Prerequisite: PHY 211 or permission of instructor; lab fee charged)
Continuation of PHY 211. Includes electricity and magnetism, optics, matter, waves and particles.