Chair, Department of Natural Sciences: Lois Bichler, Ph.D.
Natural Sciences Faculty:
Karla Bier, Ph.D.
Bill Brent, Ph.D.
Tara Giblin, Ph.D.
Patrick Mathews, Ph.D.
Jeffrey Phillips, Ph.D.
The program in the natural sciences is designed to bring together students with diverse backgrounds and provide them with a solid foundation and the skills essential for successful professional careers in the health and environmental sciences. This program is built upon a cross-discipline approach involving explorations and experimentation in biology, chemistry, mathematics and physics. It provides excellent preparation for women pursuing postgraduate training for medical and dental schools, veterinary schools, occupational and physical therapy programs, and graduate school (in health or environmental sciences).
The curriculum is designed to introduce students to various disciplines within the sciences, by focusing on principles, methods of experimentation and critical-thinking skills. Our curriculum engages students in collaborative and investigative activities with faculty to develop research and critical-thinking skills and to learn principles and theories within scientific disciplines concurrently by working on complex, real-world problems. We foster higher-order thinking skills, leadership skills and intellectual maturity. Starting with their first year in the program, students are engaged in conducting their own research projects, interpreting data and presenting their results. All students learn the most advanced computer techniques for presenting scientific information and results of research.
The culmination of the natural science experience is the completion of an internship and senior project in the student's field of interest. Internships provide students with firsthand experience in a wide variety of areas including human and veterinary medicine, research in medicine, chemistry, behavior and ecology, commercial laboratory experiences, conservation biology and government policy. Our internship program grants students a competitive advantage over others in their postgraduate careers. For many, these internships have created important postgraduate opportunities for jobs, graduate schools and professional schools. Internships are generally available locally at medical and veterinary hospitals and clinics, local conservation organizations, medical laboratories and with field and laboratory ecologists and environmental scientists, physical and occupational therapists, and midwives. Some students prefer to do internships in the summer close to home or at other nationally recognized institutions providing grants and funding for student research. The senior project is a synthesis of the student's four years at Stephens. Students are provided a problem in their field of interest, and they must provide an in-depth research paper to solve the problem and present their findings to their peers.
Academic partnerships include a three-year/two-year program with Washington University in occupational therapy.
Students are actively involved in collaborative research with faculty in the Department of Natural Sciences. The faculty maintains academic excellence by publishing papers (often with student co-authors), writing research grant proposals, attending professional meetings and soliciting seminars from outside professionals and colleagues. Well-equipped facilities for research exist in chemistry, microbiology, molecular biology, ecology and animal behavior. Additional research facilities include the Johnson Plant Science Laboratory/Greenhouse for botanical research and the Reis Biological Station in the Missouri Ozark Mountains for behavioral, ecological and environmental research.
Stephens offers a Bachelor of Arts in Health Sciences, Bachelor of Science in Environmental Biology, Bachelor of Science in Biology and a Bachelor of Science in Environmental Communication.
Requirements for the B.A. Major in Health Sciences
(Open only to students in the Three-Two Occupational Therapy Program)
The Bachelor of Arts in Health Sciences requires completion of liberal arts requirements and 11.5 required courses, plus 4.5 electives taken at Washington University. Students may elect additional BIO courses for a total of 15.0 in a 40.0 course degree program. A student must complete at least 30.0 courses at Stephens in her three years here, and complete 10 courses (30 semester hours) at Washington University. After her first year at Washington University, she earns a B.A. in Health Sciences from Stephens College and after her second year at Washington University she earns a Professional Master's Degree in Occupational Therapy.
NOTE: In the following course listings, (1c) = 1.0 course credit = 1.0 course.
Required Courses
BIO 151: Research Methods I (.5c)
BIO 152: Research Methods II (.5c)
BIO 181N: Investigations in Biological Concepts I (1.5c)
BIO 182: Investigations in Biological Concepts II (1.5c)
BIO 301: Structural Kinesiology (1c)
BIO 496: Research Internship (1c)
CHM 111N: General College Chemistry I (1.5c)
CHM 112: General College Chemistry II (1.5c)
PHY 211N: Physics I (1.5c)
PSY 320: Abnormal Psychology (1c)
The courses taken at Washington University will serve as the student's upper-division electives. They include the following:
OT 302: Occupational Therapy Theory (2 hours)
*OT 304: Neuroscience I (3 hours)
*OT 339: Applied Anatomy (5 hours)
OT 350: Professional Practicum I (1 hour)
OT 368: Functional Assessment (3 hours)
OT 374: Therapeutic Intervention: Fundamentals of Activity (3 hours)
*OT 305: Neuroscience II (3 hours)
OT 316: Evaluation Practice through Research (3 hours)
*OT 319A: Medical Lectures: Medical and Surgery (3 hours)
*OT 319B: Medical Lectures: Psychiatry (1 hour)
*OT 344: Applied Kinesiology (3 hours)
OT 351: Professional Practicum II (1 hour)
OT 373: Therapeutic Intervention: Task Oriented Groups (2 hours)
Courses labeled with an (*) are advanced science courses that complete the B.A. in Health Sciences.
Required Liberal Arts Courses
*MAT 207M: Introduction to Statistics (1c)
*PSY 111S: Introduction to Psychology (1c)
PSC 101S: Introduction to Political Science (1c)
CHS 114S: The Child: Lifespan and Cross-Cultural Perspective (1c)
SOC 201S: General Sociology: Socialization (1c)
Courses labeled with an (*) can be used to fulfill lower-level liberal arts requirements.
Additional Requirements by Washington University
Washington University requires competency in medical terminology and computer applications. These can be fulfilled by taking appropriate courses or by independent study. Course credit is not required.
Requirements for the B.S. Major in Environmental Biology
The bachelor of science major in environmental biology requires completion of liberal arts requirements and 16 required courses, plus 3.0 electives in the natural sciences (BIO, CHM, NSC, PHY), including 2.0 at or above the 300 level. Students may elect additional courses in the natural sciences for a total of 20.0 courses in a 40.0 course degree program. A grade of C- or better must be earned in required natural science courses (BIO, CHM, NSC, PHY) to graduate.
Required Courses
BIO 151–152: Research Methods in Biology I, II (.5c, .5c)
BIO 181N–182: Investigations in Biological Concepts I,II (1.5c, 1.5c)
CHM 111N–112: General College Chemistry I,II (1.5c, 1.5c)
NSC 211N: Earth and Environmental Science (1c)
BIO 290: Genetics (1.5c)
BIO 382: Ecology (1.5c)
CHM 341–342: Organic Chemistry I,II (1.5c, 1.5c)
BIO 496: Research Internship (1c)
BIO 497: Senior Project (1c)
Required Liberal Arts Courses
MAT 207M: Statistics (1c)
or
MAT 211M: Calculus and Analytical Geometry I (1.5c)
PHY 211N: College Physics I (1.5c)
Requirements for the B.S. Major in Biology
The bachelor of science major in biology requires completion of liberal arts requirements and 10.5 required courses, plus 10.0 electives in the natural sciences (BIO, CHM, NSC, PHY), including 6 at or above the 300 level. This major has 20.5 courses in a 40.0 course degree program. A grade of C- or better must be earned in required natural science courses (BIO, CHM, NSC, PHY) to graduate. All pre-professional studies (pre-med, pre-vet, pre-dental, etc.) are strongly advised to complete the chemistry sequence through organic chemistry (CHM432) even though it is not a requirement of the major.
Required Courses
BIO 151–152: Research Methods in Biology I, II (.5c, .5c)
BIO 181N–182: Investigations in Biological Concepts I,II (1.5c, 1.5c)
BIO 496: Research Internship (1c)
BIO 497: Senior Project (1c)
CHM 111N–112: General College Chemistry I,II (1.5c, 1.5c)
PHY 212: College Physics II (1.5c)
Required Liberal Arts Courses
MAT 207M: Statistics (1c)
or
MAT 211M: Calculus and Analytical Geometry I (1.5c)
PHY 211N: College Physics I (1.5c)
Four credits from the following cluster:
BIO 231: Botany (1.5c)
BIO 283: Invertebrate Zoology (1.5c)
BIO 284: Vertebrate Zoology (1.5c)
BIO 290: Genetics (1.5c)
BIO 292: Cell Biology (1c)
NSC 211N: Earth and Environmental Science (1c)
Six credits from the following cluster:
BIO 301: Structural Kinesiology (1c)
BIO 305: Parasitology (1c)
BIO 311: Microbiology (1.5c)
BIO 315: Immunology (1c)
BIO 343: Human Anatomy (1.5c)
BIO 349: Human Physiology (1.5c)
BIO 370: Evolutionary Biology (1.5c)
BIO 377: Molecular Biology Techniques (1c)
BIO 382: Ecology (1.5c)
BIO 410: Biochemistry (1c)
NSC365D: Women, Science and Society (1c)
Requirements for Natural Sciences Minors
A natural sciences minor requires completion of BIO 181N–182, BIO 151, BIO 152 and at least 2.0 additional courses in the natural sciences (BIO, CHM, NSC, PHY) at or above the 300 level. The title of the minor (biology or environmental biology) is determined by the courses chosen in conjunction with a member of the natural sciences faculty.
Requirements for Chemistry Minors
A chemistry minor, for a biology major, requires the completion of CHM 341–CHM342 and at least two of the following electives: CHM 345, CHM 410/BIO 410, and CHM 496. This is in addition to the chemistry courses required within the biology major. For non-biology majors wishing to earn a chemistry minor, the minor requires completion of CHM111–112, CHM 341–342, plus one of the following electives: CHM 345 or CHM 410/BIO 410. A chemistry minor is strongly recommended for all students considering graduate school or professional programs.
Natural Sciences Courses
NSC 115N: Introduction to Physical Science
(1.0 course)
(Open to all students)
Liberal arts class for non-science majors and education majors. Introductory physical science with complementary laboratory experiences covering the mechanics of motion, including Newton's law of motion, gravity, work and energy, simple machines, chemistry, thermodynamics, magnetism, electricity and astronomy. Includes scholarship by and about women and ethnic minorities. Writing intensive.
NSC 211N: Earth and Environmental Science
(1.0 course)
(Open to all students; lab fee charged)
An overview of scientific principles relating to the study of the environment. Provides a basic understanding of the process of science, the physical and chemical properties of the earth and its various environments, and the ecological principles associated with understanding the way organisms, including humans, interact and impact the environment. Includes scholarship by and about women and ethnic minorities. Writing intensive. Offered annually.
NSC 280: Topics in Natural Science
(1.0 course)
Topics courses are devoted to special subjects that may not be covered in depth in other courses.
NSC 333: Practicum (with lab)
(.5 course)
(May be repeated for credit)
(Prerequisites: BIO 182 and permission of instructor; junior and senior standing preferred)
Practical work experiences related directly to courses and/or program operations in the natural sciences, supervised by an instructor of the student's choice.
NSC 365D: Women, Science and Society
(1.0 course)
(Prerequisite: junior or senior standing or permission of instructor; cross-listed as WST 365D)
This course will broaden the student's understanding of the far-reaching impact that feminist analysis has had on all fields of knowledge, including the field of science. Students will learn that contemporary women in science are changing the way people think about science and practice it. Students in the course will benefit from exposure to cross-cultural analysis of science and some of the ways people from various cultures understand the human relationship to the world.
NSC 380: Topics in Natural Science
(1.0 course)
Topics courses are devoted to special subjects that may not be covered in depth in other courses.
Biology Courses
BIO 111N: Biological Concepts (with lab)
(1.0 course)
(Open to all students)
An introduction to the science of biology. The following biological topics may be addressed: biology as a science, the scientific method, basic biochemistry, organ systems, ecology and human biology. Laboratory exercises are designed to illustrate and clarify concepts presented in lecture. Includes scholarship by and about women and ethnic minorities. Writing intensive. Offered at least annually.
BIO 151: Research Methods in Biology I
(.5 course)
An introduction to important research and writing skills for biological sciences. Content includes methods for (1) searching and evaluating the primary literature; (2) writing research papers, laboratory reports and science-specific career materials; (3) analyzing and presenting graphical data. Computer-based instruction is emphasized. Writing intensive. Offered every fall.
BIO 152: Research Methods in Biology II
(.5 course)
(Prerequisite: BIO 151 or permission of instructor)
An introduction to experimental design, data analysis and interpretation. Students will learn practical and theoretical problems in the design, implementation, statistical analysis, oral presentation and critical evaluation of field and laboratory experiments. Writing intensive. Offered every spring.
BIO 181N: Investigations in Biological Concepts I (with lab)
(1.5 courses)
(Lab fee charged)
This course integrates the ideas and disciplines of biochemistry, cell biology and genetics. Important topics include basic biochemistry, cell structure, metabolic activity, molecular genetics and Mendelian inheritance. Considerable emphasis is placed on the process of scientific investigation. The laboratory emphasizes proper lab technique, the process of science and investigation into cellular and genetic processes. Includes scholarship by and about women and ethnic minorities. Writing intensive. Offered every fall.
BIO 182: Investigations in Biological Concepts II (with lab)
(1.5 courses)
(Prerequisite: BIO 111N, BIO 181N or permission of instructor; lab fee charged)
A continuation of BIO 181N. This course emphasizes the philosophy of science, evolution, diversity, systematics and ecology. The course emphasizes the mechanisms of evolution, evolutionary history, surveys of organismal diversity and adaptation, ecology, and the relationship between ecology and evolution. Students prepare one major diversity and adaptation presentation and perform one major ecological experiment. Offered every spring.
BIO 231: Botany (with lab)
(1.5 courses)
(Prerequisite: BIO 182 or permission of instructor; lab fee charged)
Botany will emphasize the evolution, ecology, anatomy, physiology and taxonomy of extant and extinct plants. The laboratory emphasizes plant anatomy, systematics and evolutionary history. There is a field component to the lab and field collections are required. Herbarium specimens, local plants and greenhouse material will be used to study plant taxonomy. Writing intensive. Offered periodically.
BIO 280: Topics in Biology
(1.0 course)
Topics courses are devoted to special subjects that may not be covered in depth in other courses.
BIO 283: Invertebrate Zoology (with lab)
(1.5 courses)
(Prerequisite: BIO 182 or permission of instructor; lab fee charged)
An introduction to the systematic study of the invertebrates. Using a taxonomic approach, this course will emphasize the structures, physiology, life history and evolution of invertebrates. The lab portion of this course will present students with living and preserved examples of animals for each phyla and will emphasize characteristics that distinguish various groups. Offered annually.
BIO 284: Vertebrate Zoology (with lab)
(1.5 courses)
(Prerequisite: BIO 182 or permission of instructor; lab fee charged)
A survey of the anatomy, physiology, zoogeography, evolution and ecology of vertebrate animals. In a mixed laboratory, discussion, and presentation format, students will investigate the major evolutionary changes that have occurred in fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. Offered annually.
BIO 290: Genetics (with lab)
(1.5 courses)
(Prerequisite: BIO 182 or permission of instructor; lab fee charged)
An examination of the transmission, structure and function of genetic material in plants and animals. Course content progresses from classical Mendelian genetics, including the chromosome theory of inheritance, structure and replication, organization and regulation of genetic information of bacterial, eukaryotic and viral genes, to current topics and techniques in molecular biology. Writing intensive. Offered every fall.
BIO 292: Cell Biology
(1.0 course)
(Prerequisite: BIO 182 or permission of instructor)
A study of the cell as the unit of structure and function of living things. The molecular, metabolic and ultrastructural systems emphasized together with bioenergetics, communication, heredity and gene expression. Offered every spring.
BIO 301: Structural Kinesiology
(1.0 course)
(Prerequisite: BIO111 or BIO181 or DAN113, or permission of instructor)
This course will study human structure and function associated with body movement, with special emphasis on movements associated with dance training. The course will include a structural study of the bones, muscles, tendons and ligaments of the human body and a functional study of the resulting body movements. The course will also briefly examine other sytems important in muscle movement, such as the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Finally, this course will apply this knowledge of muscular function to performance and injury when training (using dance training as the model system). Offered periodically.
BIO 305: Parasitology (with lab)
(1.0 course)
(Prerequisite: BIO 182 or permission of instructor; lab fee charged)
This course emphasizes the systematic study of parasites, including taxonomy, life history and ecology, the evolutionary relationships between parasites and their hosts, the pathological effects of human/domestic animal parasites, epidemiological factors of parasites, treatments for parasite-related diseases, and socioeconomic conditions that increase the probability of spread and infestation. Offered periodically.
BIO 311: Microbiology (with lab)
(1.5 courses)
(Prerequisites: BIO 182, BIO 292, or permission of instructor; lab fee charged)
The study of the morphology, physiology, genetics and ecology of important microorganisms of human health and disease, and of environmental concern. Emphasis on bacteria and viruses. Writing intensive. Offered every fall.
BIO 315: Immunology
(1.0 course)
(Prerequisite: BIO 311 or permission of instructor)
An advanced introductory course in a rapidly advancing field, using experimental design as a tool to elucidate immunological principles. Includes (1) an introduction to the cells and tissues of the immune system; (2) the molecular mechanisms used by the immune system to recognize antigens and the process of activation of the immune system that results from antigen recognition; (3) a description of the means by which the stimulated immune system eliminates foreign molecules, cells and organisms; and (4) an examination of clinical problems that are primarily immunologic. Writing intensive. Offered periodically.
BIO 343: Human Anatomy (with lab)
(1.5 courses)
(Prerequisite: BIO 182 or permission of instructor; lab fee charged)
An advanced course in anatomy. Examines the organization of the human body, human embryology, gross and microscopic anatomy of tissues and organ systems and pathology, diseases and developmental abnormalities of the human body. Instruction includes the use of prepared slides, actual mammalian dissections and computer-based human dissection. Offered biennially in fall.
BIO 349: Human Physiology (with lab)
(1.5 courses)
(Prerequisite: BIO 182 or permission of instructor; lab fee charged)
An advanced course in human physiology. Examines the function of the human body, including basic cellular processes, regulation and homeostasis of the body, control of body movement, cardiovascular and respiratory physiology, metabolism, reproduction, development, aging and pathology. Instruction will include laboratory experiments and computer-based simulations. Offered every spring.
BIO 370: Evolutionary Biology (with lab)
(1.5 courses)
(Prerequisite: BIO 290 or BIO 182 with permission of instructor; lab fee charged)
Evolutionary biology will emphasize the following topics: the synthesis of evolutionary theory and genetics, population genetics, molecular evolution, mechanisms of evolution, speciation, phylogeny reconstruction and evolutionary history. The laboratory will involve computer simulations, phylogeny reconstruction, readings and a selection experiment. Writing intensive. Offered biennially.
BIO 377: Molecular Biology Techniques
(1.0 course)
(Prerequisite: BIO 292 or permission of instructor)
This course will focus on examination of current molecular biology research techniques. The class will be laboratory based and writing intensive. Special emphasis will be placed on methodology and application of specific molecular techniques and essays commonly used in research and clinical environments. Additionally, this course will serve to develop critical analysis skills of current research and provide opportunity to expand in scientific writing, presentation and discussion. Writing intensive. Offered annually.
BIO 380 Topics in Biology
(1.0 course)
Topics courses are devoted to special subjects that may not be covered in depth in other courses.
BIO 382: Ecology (with lab)
(1.5 courses)
(Prerequisite: BIO 182 or permission of instructor; lab fee charged)
Study of interactions between organisms and their physical, chemical and biological environment. Students analyze the regulatory and evolutionary factors that affect organisms at the population, community and ecosystem level. The laboratory component emphasizes an experimental approach to understanding ecological interactions and develops skills useful for ecological or environmental research. Writing intensive. Offered biennially.
BIO 410: Biochemistry
(1.0 course)
(Prerequisite: BIO 182, CHM 341; crosslisted as CHM 410)
This course blends complex biological and chemical concepts. Advanced problem-solving skills are used to investigate amino acids/proteins, enzymes, protein purification, nucleic acids, flow of genetic information, analysis and cloning of genes, membranes, carbohydrates, and metabolic pathways. Offered periodically.
BIO 496: Research/Clinical Internship
(1.0 course)
(Prerequisite: permission of instructor)
Provides opportunities for select junior and senior science majors to participate in a research program in biology under the supervision of a full-time professional scientific investigator. Interns become familiar with all aspects of the research project, including the design, carrying out the research plan and analyzing and reporting the research results. Interns have opportunities to present papers at the Missouri Academy of Science and the Tri-Beta Biological Society meetings. Graded on Pass/Fail basis. Offered every semester.
BIO 497: Senior Project
(1.0 course)
(Prerequisite: senior standing or permission of instructor)
This course assesses the ability of graduating students to assimilate diverse biological information into a meaningful synthesis. Course projects will be tailored to the interests and training of the student. Students work independently during the semester to develop written and oral syntheses of scientific literature to be presented in an open seminar at the end of the semester. Writing intensive. Offered every spring.
Chemistry Courses
CHM 111N: General College Chemistry I (with lab)
(1.5 courses)
(Prerequisite: two years of high school algebra or concurrent enrollment in MAT 111M: College Algebra; approved eye protection required; lab fee charged)
First semester of the sequence covering the fundamental principles of chemistry. Topics include matter, chemical compounds and reactions, stoichiometry, thermodynamics, atomic structure, bonding and molecular geometry. Also emphasized are the accomplishments and contributions of women within the chemical sciences. The laboratory introduces students to basic skills and techniques. Includes scholarship by and about women and ethnic minorities. Offered every fall.
CHM 112: General College Chemistry II (with lab)
(1.5 courses)
(Prerequisite: CHM 111N; approved eye protection required; lab fee charged)
Second semester of the sequence covering the fundamental principles of chemistry. Topics include chemical kinetics and equilibrium, properties of gases, liquids, solids and solutions, acid-base chemistry, electrochemistry and nuclear chemistry. The laboratory includes projects in which students prepare proposals, complete laboratory work and present results as oral and written reports. Writing intensive. Offered every spring.
CHM 280: Topics in Chemistry
(1.0 course)
Topics courses are devoted to special subjects that may not be covered in depth in other courses.
CHM 341: Organic Chemistry I (with lab)
(1.5 courses)
(Prerequisite: CHM 112; approved eye protection required; lab fee charged)
First semester of the sequence covering the chemistry of carbon-containing compounds. Topics include orbitals and bonding, the nomenclature and physical properties of functional groups, conformations and stereochemistry, substitution and elimination reactions at sp3-hybridized carbon, additional reactions to carbon-carbon multiple bonds and spectroscopy. The laboratory introduces basic skills and techniques. Offered every fall.
CHM 342: Organic Chemistry II (with lab)
(1.5 courses)
(Prerequisite: CHM 341; approved eye protection required; lab fee charged)
Second semester of the sequence covering the chemistry of carbon-containing compounds. Topics include spectroscopy, addition and substitution reactions at the carbonyl group, enolates, aromatic compounds, radicals and pericyclic reactions. Studies in biochemical compounds such as amino acids, peptides and proteins may be included. Laboratory will focus on the investigations of important organic reactions. Results will be presented in oral and written format. Writing intensive. Offered every spring.
CHM 345: Quantitative Instrumental Analysis
(1.5 courses)
(Prerequisite: CHM112)
This quantitative analysis courses the principles of instrumental analysis. Instruments such as gas chromatograph (GC), ultraviolet/visible spectrometer (UV/Vis) fourier transfom spectrometer (FTIR) and high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) will be utilized. The complimentary laboratory experience allows hands-on experience conducting quantitative analysis. Students will learn calibration techniques and method development. The laboratory will also include an individualized research componet. Offered each fall.
CHM 380: Topics in Chemistry
(1.0 course)
Topics courses are devoted to special subjects that may not be covered in depth in other courses.
CHM 410: Biochemistry
(1.0 course)
(Prerequisites: BIO 182, CHM 341. Cross- listed as BIO 410)
This course blends complex biological and chemical concepts. Advanced problem-solving skills are used to investigate amino acids/proteins, enzymes, protein purification, nucleic acids, flow of genetic information, analysis and cloning of genes, membranes, carbohydrates and metabolic pathways. Offered periodically.
CHM 496: Research Internship
(1.0 course)
(Prerequisite: permission of instructor)
Select junior and senior science majors are able to participate in a research project in chemistry under the supervision of a professional scientific investigator. Interns become familiar with all aspects of the research process, including project design, planning, experimentation, analysis and presentation. Opportunities to present data and results at meetings of professional societies, such as the American Chemical Society, are available. Writing intensive. Offered every semester.
Physics Courses
PHY 211N: College Physics I (with lab)
(1.5 courses)
(Prerequisite: MAT 111M or MAT 211M or the equivalent, or permission of instructor; lab fee charged)
Topics include statics, kinematics, dynamics, oscillations, work, energy, gravitation, thermodynamics and sound. Includes scholarship by and about women and ethnic minorities. Offered in the fall semester.
PHY 212: College Physics II (with lab)
(1.5 courses)
(Prerequisite: PHY 211N or permission of instructor; lab fee charged)
Continuation of PHY 211N. Includes electricity and magnetism, optics, matter, waves and particles. Offered in the spring semester.
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